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Can You Put Your RMDs Into a Roth IRA? Here’s What to Know

Updated: 23-10-2024, 08.44 AM

If you’re taking a required minimum distribution from an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-deferred account and don’t need the money to cover living expenses, where should you stash that unneeded cash?

Investors now need to start taking RMDs at age 73 or, if they were born after 1960, at age 75. Depending on the balances of your accounts, that distribution can be a sizable amount of money, perhaps more than you need to live on. One option is to reinvest that money, and a Roth IRA would seem to be a perfect choice: withdrawals from Roth accounts are tax-free – including all gains on your investments – and you’ll never need to take any of those pesky RMDs during your lifetime.

There’s just one catch: You can’t directly convert your RMDs to a Roth. But for some people, there is a potential workaround. For 2024, you can contribute up to $7,000 plus another $1,000 if you’re at least 50 years old – if you have enough earned income.

Get matched with a financial advisor to discuss your own retirement strategy.

The IRS defines earned income as money you get for working, such as wages, commissions, bonuses, tips and honorariums for speaking, writing or taking part in a conference or convention. Income generated by self-employment also counts. Income that doesn’t qualify includes taxable pension payments, interest income, dividends, rental income, alimony and withdrawals from Roth IRAs or other nontaxable retirement accounts, along with annuities, welfare benefits, unemployment compensation, worker’s compensation payments and your Social Security income.

Another restriction on Roth contributions is the income limit. Once your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) hits $146,000 for a single filer or $230,000 for joint filers, your maximum Roth contribution starts phasing out up to $161,000 (single filers) or $240,000 (joint filers). After that, you’re no longer eligible to contribute.

You also need to remember that you need to wait five tax years after your first contribution to any Roth account before you can make withdrawals. Heirs who inherit your Roth will need to withdraw the entire balance within 10 years.

Consider speaking with a financial advisor to develop a tax-efficient retirement strategy.

If you don’t qualify to make a Roth contribution, you still have options to eliminate, reduce or delay your RMDs.

Roth conversion: You can convert your IRA to a Roth account, once you’ve taken your RMD for the year. You’ll pay taxes on the amount you convert, so one tactic is to convert the maximum amount available without pushing yourself into a higher tax bracket. Each Roth conversion carries its own five-year rule.

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